Means for heating rooms



March 30,1937. G. c. sQuAssr MEANS FOR HEATING ROOMS" Filed Jan. 27,1936 Patented Mar. 30, I 1937 I UNITEDASTATJESP Means non nna'rmo noomsV Gaetano Camillo SquassL'Bonie, Italy A Application January 27,iesaseriai No. 61,0841 InItaly January 31, 1935 6Claims.' (oust-25c I ev e l applied on the wall and covered with the secondv My inventionrelates to room-heating systems of the kind -in which the heatingelements are concealed within the walls, the floor or the ceiling.

The invention has for its object the provision of room-heating elementswhich may be installed in such a small outside layer of the wallsceilings' and floors as normally is formed for instance by; the plasterwork. The heater according to the invention has therefore the doubleadvantage of a -]0 minor loss of heat due to the thin concealing layerand of a cheaper installation, the provision of grooves in thewall-structure hitherto usual, being avoided. 1

According to the invention the heatinglpipes' used are of a smalldiameter, for instance of about 10-20 inm. for vertical installation inwalls and of about-25 mm. for horizontal installa- To these pipelinesmetal radiating strips are applied tangentially to the pipes and in aplane which is" parallel 'to the-heat transmitting surface of the'wall,fioortion in floors and ceilings.

or ceiling. The radiating strips whichmay',' for instance, be ofaluminium or another high conductive material are distinguishedaccording to the invention by the circumstance of 'having a zonenear'the pipe covered with a heat-insulating materialand a distant zonewhich is directly radiating. Thus a greater uniformity of heattransmission is attained. -The metal radiating strips may be arrangedatvarious distancesfrom each other according to the amount of heat whichit is desired to transmit. Preferably the pipes are placed betweenpiecesofan insulating material,

as for instance Celotex adapted simultaneously to' form a backing forthe'metal strips.

In the case of floor heating these few members placed directly beneaththe parquet floor or beneath an earthenware or cement tile pavement maybe 'sumcient to form a good room heating 40 system, but for concealingthem in the plaster of a wall or of a ceiling special provisions areneoes sary to avoid the destruction of-this easily crum-'- blingmaterial-as a consequence of the thermalexpansion of the metal parts.According to the invention the concealing of heating elements, al-'-waysmoving under the effects of the changes of temperature, beneath'athin coat of wall or ceiling plaster is provided for by means of a thinlayer of metal wool, metal wadding and like materials of high heatconductivity and elasticity which is located between the elements andthe plaster. This layer of metal wool may be fixed'in its position bysuitable means, preferably by wire netting. This latter material mayalso beused to hold together complete heating aggregates'in the form ofa board comprising an insulating base, a metal pipe, metalheat-transmitting strips and a layer of metal wool, these aggregateswhich do not exceed the thickness of the first plaster cost of a wallbeing mounted at the workshop,

coat of plaster.

'Ihe invention will be more clearly understood by a consideration of thefollowing detailed de-'- scription taken in connection with the-accomvpanying drawing forming part of thisv speclilca-Jv tion, with theunderstanding however. that the invention'is not confined to any strictconformity with the showing in the-drawing, 'butmay be changed andmodified as long as such changes and modifications mark no'materialdeparture from Fig. 2-is a front view of a pipe line with its metal I 4Fig.5 is a plan viewof a floor heating element.

Inthe drawing thenumeral l indioates'the pipe x I lines conveying forexample hotwater.) These, pipes are shown'of aroundor oval section" but1,

1 the salient features of the invention asexpressed ago Fig. 4'is avertical section of similar aggregate applied to 'a-ceiling.

they may have any other suitable section. On.

the pipes are applied by soldering or only by their:-

springiness metal strips 2,- makingat one of their ends 'an extensivecontact with. the pipe so as to ensure a good transmission'ofheat. Asshown in Figuresl and 2, themetalstrips 2; have a small step 2 dividing.the inner zone, which has to be coveredby an; insulating-material 3,having they thickness of the step from the directly radiating 'outerzone. In Figs. 3j and 4 there: is shown a layer of metal wool 4 coveringboth .the inner and the outer zones of the strips. extendingalternatively on the two sides of the pipe: -.-TIhe"metal-woo1- layerbeing protected adjacent theipipe against, the heat of the pipe bytheinsulatin'g materialv 3,1

shown byway of example in Fig.3, thus receives a moderateand a veryunifornitemper'ature throughits whole breadth'andthemateriall 10f. I

the second coat of plaster, which penetrates more:

orle's's' in the metal wool layer, absorbsthis heat forretransmitting itto the room. Fig. 3 shows on a wan l0, pieces-f asuitable material, forex@: ampleboards of Celotex so applied as to leave between the saidboards 'ajgroove forrthe pipe?! and also forming-a base :for'the heattransmitting metal strips. Itisunderstood that instead of strips2extending only on onesidegof the-pipe. shownin Fig.4, strips'may be usedextending on both sides, as shown in Fig. 2, andv instead of:

using separate strips in closeadiacencavuse-maybe made of a singlecontinuous sheet 22 (Fig. 4) which may be welded to the pipe I. Inorder-.120 reduce the effect of expansion; the metal sheet 22 maypreferably be notched like acomb.

The layer of metal wool 4' is fixed in contact with the radiating strips2 and the insulating material by wire netting 5 nailed upon the pieces 8and upon the wall 10. Instead of assembling I 5 the said parts of theheating system into the building only, they may also form a completeaggregate to be applied for example as a whole on the ceiling by meansof screws I I as shown in Fig. 4. The wire netting forms an excellentbase j 10 for the plaster, which penetrates through it into the metalwool, absorbing the heat without reaching the metal strips. As thethermal expansionv of the said strips is always small, a layer. of 2.0r

slabs l2 directly cover the'metal strips 2 and the insulating material3, but :in laying the slabs provision is to be made to allow for alittle movemerit of the metal strips 2. The construction. according tothe invention is very simple and therefore economical. As the heatingelements are incorporated in the'coat ofthe walls of the rooms andinsulated towards the walls, all of the radiated heat is utilized in therooms. 1 I

'What I claim is: I

1. A heating unit particularly adapted for use in the heating of roomsand tobe positioned in a wall, ceiling or floor, directly anterior tothe outer surface thereof, said unit comprising plates of insulatingmaterial defining a recess therebe-,

tween adapted to receive a'pipe line of small diam-. eter therein, apipe linethrough; which-a heatoingmedium is adapted: to now, arranged insaid recess, 'heat transmitting elements attached -to said pipe line andextendingsubstantially tangentially therefrom in a plane substantiallyparallel to the general plane of, the wall, ceiling or 45 floor, said.plates serving. also as a backing .for

said heat transmitting elements.

2. A heating unit particularly adapted for use inthe heating of. roomsand to be positioned in a wall, ceiling or floor,- directly anterior tothe V 50 outer surface thereof, said unit comprising plates line andextending substantially tangentially therefrom in a plane substantiallyparallel to the general plane of the wall, ceiling or floor, said platesserving also as-a backing: for said heat trans- 5 mittingelements, theportions of said heat radiating elements adjacent to said pipe line.being provided withan insulating covering while the portions thereofremote from said pipe line are uncovered. r

3. Aheating unit particularly adapted f r use in the heating of roomsandto be positioned in a wall, ceiling or floor, directlyanterior totheouter surface thereof, said unit comprising insulating plates definingarecess adapted" toreceive a pipe line of small diameter therein, a*pipeline through.

which a heating medium is adapted to flow arranged in said recess, aplurality of metallic heaTt transmitting elements attached to said pipeline and extending in alternately opposite directions substantiallytangentially therefrom in a. plane substantially parallel to-the generalplane of the 5 7 wall, ceiling or floor, said plates serving also as abacking for said heat transmitting elements, said elements being offsetintermediate the ends thereof to define a recess adjacent said pipeline, and

an insulating layer in said last-named recess. 10 whereby the hottestparts of said elements an the pipe line are covered by said layer.

4. A heating unit particularly adapted for use in the heating of roomsand to be positioned in a wall, ceiling or floor, directly anterior tothe outer 15 surface thereof, said unit comprising plates of insulating-material defining, a, recess therebetween adapted to receive a-pipeline of small I diameter therein, a pipeline through which a heatingmedium is adapted to now arranged in go said recess, heat transmittingelementsattaclied to said pipe line. and extending substantiallytangentiallytherefrom in a plane substantially. parallel to the generalplane of the wall, ceiling or fioor said plates serving also as abacking for as said heattransmitting elements, the portions of saidelements adjacent to the pipe line being provided with an insulatingcovering, and a outer layer of -metal wool arranged over the whole. r

5.- A heating unit particularly adapted for use in the heating of roomsand to be positioned in a wall, ceiling or floor, directly anteriortothe outer surface thereof said unit comprisingpla'tes of insulatingmaterial defining arecess therebetween adapted to receive a pipeline ofsmall diameter therein, a pipe line through which a heating medium isadapted to flow arranged in said recess, heat transmitting elementsattached to said pipe line and extending substantially 40 tangentiallytherefrom in a plane, substantially parallel to the generalplane of thewall, ceiling or floor, said plates serving also as a backing for saidheat transmitting elements, the portions of, said elements adjacent tothe pipe line being provided with an-insulatingcovering, 'a thin outerlayer of metal wool arranged over thewhole, and means for retaining theseveralparts of. theunit in assembledrelationshipr l I 6. A heating.unit particularly adapted for use in theheating of rooms and to bepositioned in a wall, ceiling or floor, directly anterior to the outersurface thereof, said unit comprising plates of insulating materialdefining a recess therebetween adapted to receive apipeline of smalldiameter therein, a pipe line through which a heating medium isadaptedto flow arranged in said recess, heat transmitting elementsattached to said pipe line andextending substantially tangentiallytherefrom ina plane substantially 'parallelto the general plane of thewall, ceiling or floor, said plates servingalso asp-a backing for saidheat transmittingelements adjacent to the pipeline: being provided withan insulating covering, a thin outer layer of metal wool arranged overthe whole, 55,

and means for retaining the several parts of the unit in assembledrelationship, said-last-named means including a wire. netting extendingover the layer'of metal wool and being secured to said plates. a

'GAE'TANO cammb squassn

